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Research Article| Volume 1, ISSUE 4, P233-243, December 2015

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National Sleep Foundation’s updated sleep duration recommendations: final report

Published:October 31, 2015DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2015.10.004

      Abstract

      Objective

      To make scientifically sound and practical recommendations for daily sleep duration across the life span.

      Methods

      The National Sleep Foundation convened a multidisciplinary expert panel (“Panel”) with broad representation from leading stakeholder organizations. The Panel evaluated the latest scientific evidence and participated in a formal consensus and voting process. Then, the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method was used to formulate sleep duration recommendations.

      Results

      The Panel made sleep duration recommendations for 9 age groups. Sleep duration ranges, expressed as hours of sleep per day, were designated as recommended, may be appropriate, or not recommended. Recommended sleep durations are as follows: 14-17 hours for newborns, 12-15 hours for infants, 11-14 hours for toddlers, 10-13 hours for preschoolers, 9-11 hours for school-aged children, and 8-10 hours for teenagers. Seven to 9 hours is recommended for young adults and adults, and 7-8 hours of sleep is recommended for older adults. The self-designated basis for duration selection and critical discussions are also provided.

      Conclusions

      Consensus for sleep duration recommendations was reached for specific age groupings. Consensus using a multidisciplinary expert Panel lends robust credibility to the results. Finally, limitations and caveats of these recommendations are discussed.

      Keywords

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      References

        • Hirshkowitz M.
        • Whiton K.
        • Albert S.M.
        • et al.
        National Sleep Foundation’s sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary.
        Sleep Health. 2015; 1: 40-43
        • Fitch K.
        • Bernstein S.J.
        • Aquilar M.D.
        • et al.
        The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method user’s manual.
        The RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA2001
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